# unitcat

desc:
An introduction to fluid flow, particularly of gases, and the forces that can be generated. The first and second laws of thermodynamics and the continuity and momentum equations of fluid flow are covered, and applications to a variety of situations of interest to engineers are considered.


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The behaviour of structures under loads. Includes the properties of various types of materials including composites, the stresses and deformation of individual structural members due to forces acting on them, and aspects of the design and construction of typical aircraft structures.


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Fundamental concepts of statics and dynamics, and the solution of related problems in mechanics. The principles of relative motion and applications to engineering mechanisms. An introduction to some aspects of aircraft performance in flight, including climb, range and endurance, and loops and turns.


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An introduction to the basic principles, tools and skills required for engineering design and the use of computers, assuming no prior knowledge in these subjects. The development of capabilities in graphical communication (both paper and computer based), and knowledge of design practice, particularly related to aircraft structures. Computer programming in Pascal and the use of spreadsheets, applications to problems of aeronautical interest.


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The unit consists of Professional Studies I (EFAC 10100), Faculty Design Seminars and a group design project, and an element on specifications, manufacturing and design in the electronics industry.


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High speed flows and the effects of compressibility, boundary layers and other viscous flows, stream function description of flows around bodies, fundamental ideas of aerofoil and wing theory, aerodynamics of control surfaces.


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Finite element analysis and the use of professional computer packages, redundant structures, thin-walled structures. Strengthening mechanisms for metals, properties of various metal alloy systems. Aircraft airworthiness requirements and structural loading estimation.


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Modelling of dynamic systems, single and multi-degree of freedom vibrations. The flight of aircraft: balance, static and dynamic stability. Actuators, sensors, and other components of aircraft systems. Overview of modern aircraft navigation aids.


title:
Flight Mechanics and Systems Engineering

desc:
Modelling of dynamic systems, single degree of freedom vibrations. The flight of aircraft: balance, static and dynamic stability. An introduction to practical systems engineering with an emphasis on the methodology used in the aerospace industry, covering both the theoretical aspects of systems engineering and systems modelling and industrial conventions and modelling. A systems project forms part of the assessment.


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An introduction to practical systems engineering with an emphasis on the methodology used in the aerospace industry, covering both the theoretical aspects of systems engineering and systems modelling and industrial conventions and modelling. A systems project forms part of the assessment. Lectures on design methods from Visiting Professors complement design project work involving completion of an initial design of a light aircraft fuselage; with some finite- element calculations.


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This unit consists of Professional Studies 1 & 2 (EFAC 20100), Faculty Design seminars and a major group design project.


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Professional Studies 1 & 2 (EFAC 20100) plus either Aircraft Operations (AENG 24630) or a French, German, Italian or Spanish unit. Professional Studies 2 is trimmed to allow presentation of alternative lectures on European Studies.


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Infrastructure of the air transport industry; commercial and regulating considerations in aircraft operations; maintenance and reliability issues; contrasts between military and civil operations, and environmental issues.


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Physical and mathematical modelling of fluid flow with relevance to aerodynamic design. The principles of engine cycles, operations and matching. Rotary-wing aerodynamics.


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Analytical and finite-element methods for the analysis of aircraft structures. Failure mechanisms in materials. Manufacturing methods for aerospace engineering.


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Signal sources and the requirements for signal processing. Signal descriptions and elementary operations on signals. Types of control system and the justification for feedback control. The design of control systems using both time-domain and frequency-domain approaches.


title:
Discrete Mathematics and Safety Critical Systems

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Logic, probability theory and introduction to set theory. Safety concepts and legal/regulatory framework. Methods of assessing risk in hardware and software. Human factors. Safety management. Case studies.


desc:
The consists of the Control portion of AENG 31300 plus portions of COMS 21101, the details being as follows. Types of control system and the justification for feedback control. The design of control systems using both time-domain and frequency-domain approaches. From Software Engineering, topics such as formal specification methods and real-time programming.


title:
Safety Critical Systems and Expert Systems & Applications

desc:
This is a combined unit composed of COMS 30114 and EMAT 30300, which should be seen.

prereq:
A first-year units, or equivalent, which gives the concept of computer programming


desc:
This is led by senior design staff from British Aerospace Airbus at Filton. Groups of about 12 students each work to the same design specification, which involves the development of a variant of an existing aircraft. Each group formulates and refines a design solution, and there is a competitive final design review to determine the best design.


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Undertaken individually, the research project may involve original research, advanced design or a conceptual systems study. Most research projects involve the construction of either a hardware or software system.


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A combination of Professional Studies 3 (EFAC 30100) and options totalling 20 credit points, as part of the Aeronautical Engineering H400 programme.


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A combination of Professional Studies 3 (EFAC 30100) and options totalling 20 credit points.


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A combination of Professional Studies 3 (EFAC 30100 and options totalling 30 credit points.


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The fundamental mathematical and physical principles involved in the development and application of modern methods in theoretical aerodynamics. The terminology of CFD and the impact of developments in computer hardware and software.

block:
4; Weeks 1-24 (Weeks in years which alternate with the presentation of AENG 44130)


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Methods, facilities, measurement and analysis in the field of experimental aerodynamics, with particular reference to the demands of the aerospace industry.


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The practicalities of choosing to use composite structures in aerospace applications will be revealed. In particular, there will be illustrations and examples of the material technologies and the design processes required in the production of basic structural elements: material selection, laminae sizing and positioning, thin-walled components, holes/notches/edges/joints.


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Theoretical methods and experimental technology for natural frequencies and mode shapes of real structures, including multi-degrees of freedom.


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Dynamics of Keplerian orbits and the effects of various perturbations, space propulsion systems, the space environment, and spacecraft systems.


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The academic session is spent at a Continental European Higher Education Institution, taking a range of aeronautical engineering and related studies. These are arranged by the Department on an individual basis but must cover a reasonable proportion (60%+) of topics in the three Bristol third year core units AENG 31100, 31200 and 31300, and in particular must be such that Advanced Aeronautical Engineering (AENG 41000) can be taken in the fourth year back at Bristol. A Research Project (AENG 43800) must then also be undertaken if not completed during this year abroad.


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This is a convenient 40 credit grouping of the separate 10 credit units AENG 41100, 41200, 41300 and EFAC 40100.


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This is a convenient 40 credit grouping for H401 candidates, which comprises of the following separate units: Professional Studies 4 (EFAC 40100) and additional units totalling 30 credits from an approved list of Level 4 units.


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The emphasis of the unit will be on the description and application of practical aerodynamic analysis methods. The lectures are supplemented by computer exercises using vortex lattice and panel method codes.


title:
Communications Systems and Aircraft Dynamics & Control

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This unit combines the essence of EENG 32000 and AENG 41300. Types of aircraft control systems. Command and disturbance loops. Discussion of handling qualities requirements. Case study examples. Discrete time control systems. Response to atmospheric turbulence. Performance of analogue and digital communications systems. Theory of discrete information. Noise performance, transmission rates, error correcting codes.


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Analytical methods are developed further, especially for plate and shell structures. Industrial applications, including the use of advanced materials, will be covered.


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The structure and function of aircraft control systems. Analysis will introduce discrete-time control theory, thus extending abilities to tackle stability and control as affected by discrete and continuous atmospheric disturbances. Certain problems associated with highly manoeuvrable aircraft at high angles of attack will be discussed, as will the special constraints on the flight envelope imposed by aeroelastic phenomena.


title:
Avionic Systems and Embedded and Real-Time Systems

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Principles of design for high integrity and safety critical systems; certification issues. Introduction to analytical redundancy methods. Characteristics of embedded and real-time systems. Data structures and process scheduling. Multi-processor architectures and real-time operating systems. Development support - in circuit emulation.


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Normally conducted by students working in pairs. It may be oriented towards research, advanced design or systems study and involve theoretical, computational or experimental work. It usually includes some industrial contact and is frequently associated with departmental research objectives.


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Options totalling 40 credit points to be chosen from Lists AENG1 (Year 3 Options) and AENG2 (Advanced Options, Level 4) which can be found in the Programme Structures Catalogue. At least one unit must be taken from List AENG2.


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This unit comprises Professional Studies 4 (EFAC 40100) and units totalling 30 credits from an approved list of level 3 and 4 units.


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The physical processes which lead to turbulent flows will be described. There follows a need to predict certain features of these flows so methods will be considered which can be applied to the physical concepts in order to develop models for turbulence. Emphasis will be shown on Reynolds' stresses. Computational work will be included.

prereq:
AENG 34300 or comparable computational background

block:
4; Weeks 1-24 (Weeks in years which alternate with the presentation of AENG 34130)


desc:
The application of finite-element methods to real aerospace structures will pose many practical problems, if only because there is a range of structural styles. The underlying theory will be explained more thoroughly and experience will be given in applying LUSAS, or comparable software, to different types of structural problem.


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The fundamental principles underlying helicopter flight are to be revealed in order to give the student an understanding of flight behaviour for a helicopter. Beginning with autogyros, but extending to modern powered structures with active control, the unit will introduce all central elements which contribute to a design: engine, gearbox, rotor, aerodynamics, blade and airframe dynamics. Major problems, such as those related to aeroelasticity will be clarified.


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The technical issues and the underlying design requirements will be covered for the three major systems areas: orbits, launches and manned space flight. Students will be required to contribute to the design of a complete space system and show an awareness of the political and economic context of space technology.


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This unit is appropriate for students undertaking a preliminary year of study as a means of access to a degree course in the Faculty of Science. The standard required to be achieved in practical work and examinations will be stated by the intended Honours Department prior to the commencement of the course. For details of the unit aims and content, see CHEM 10200, Chemistry 1E.


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This unit is designed to reinforce and build on A-level chemistry. Physical chemistry starts with quantum ideas and spectroscopy followed by chemical reactions, their speed and extent, and a study of their energy changes. Inorganic chemistry concentrates on the fundamentals of atomic and molecular structure, and discusses bonding in ionic, covalent and delocalised systems. The ideas are employed in discussing coordination complexes of the first transition- series elements and a study of some of the main group elements. Organic chemistry covers the principles of structures, stereochemistry and mechanisms, then the chemistry of the more common functional groups, emphasising mechanistic understanding.


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The unit aims to bring students to a standard broadly equivalent to A-level. It defines the tools of the subject, chemical constitution and stoicheiometry. The electronic structure of atoms and bonding in molecules are introduced and used in discussing molecular shape and in outlining the properties of key elements and inorganic compounds. The concepts of energy, equilibria and chemical kinetics are explored. The properties of colloids and electrolyte solutions are discussed. Structural Organic Chemistry is introduced through a study of hydrocarbons. Simple functional groups and mechanisms of organic reactions are discussed, and features of biologically important molecules are outlined.


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This unit aims to provide students who have neither Mathematics nor Physics at A level with the necessary background in these subjects for the Honours Programmes in Chemistry. The unit covers the kinetic theory of gases, heats of reaction, calorimetry, kinetics of reactions, ions in solution and electrochemistry, the electromagnetic spectrum and wave properties. The necessary elementary algebra and calculus is taught within the unit.


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This unit develops the introduction to inorganic chemistry given in CHEM 10100 to provide the essential base of inorganic chemistry required for advanced study at Levels 3 and 4. It covers the main areas of the subject e.g. Main Group chemistry exemplified by some typical groups, organo-metallic and co-ordination compounds of Transition Metals, solid state chemistry and applications of NMR spectroscopy. Practical sessions and trouble shooting workshops are integral to the unit.


desc:
This unit develops the introduction to organic chemistry given in CHEM 10100 to provide the essential base of organic chemistry required for advanced study at Levels 3 and 4. It covers the main areas of the subject e.g. the chemistry of carbanions, carbocations and radicals, monofunctional and difunctional carbonyl compounds, aromatic and homocyclic and heterocyclic compounds, amino derivatives and modern aspects of synthesis. Practical sessions and trouble shooting workshops are integral to the unit.


desc:
This unit develops the introduction to physical chemistry given in CHEM 10100 to provide the essential base of physical chemistry required for advanced study at Levels 3 and 4. It covers the main areas of the subject e.g. kinetics and equilibria, states of matter, properties of solutions (including electrolytes) and interfaces, macromolecules and atomic spectra. Practical sessions, mathematics tuition and trouble shooting workshops are integral to the unit.


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This unit provides an introduction to aspects of chemistry of the environment - the atmosphere, seas and geosphere. Practical sessions and trouble shooting workshops are integral to the unit.


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This unit develops the introduction to theoretical chemistry given in CHEM 10100 to provide the essential base of theory on quantum mechanics, structure and bonding required for advanced study at Levels 3 and 4. 'Practical' sessions, mathematics tuition and trouble shooting workshops are integral to the unit.


desc:
This unit provides training in basic skills for a chemist - applications of computers and library/information retrieval skills.


title:
Inorganic Chemistry for Chemical Physics

desc:
This unit develops the introduction to inorganic chemistry given in CHEM 10100 to provide those aspects of inorganic chemistry required for advanced study of Chemical Physics at Levels 3 and 4, e.g. basic transition metal chemistry, solid state chemistry and applications of NMR spectroscopy. Practical sessions and trouble shooting workshops are integral to the unit.


title:
Techniques for Chemists for Chemical Physics

desc:
This unit provides training in basic skills for a chemist - applications of computers and library/information retrieval skills as for unit CHEM 20160 but with the content selected to suit the needs of students studying chemical physics.


title:
Inorganic Chemistry for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit develops the introduction to inorganic chemistry given in CHEM 10100 to provide those aspects of inorganic chemistry required for advanced study of Chemistry with Environmental Science at Levels 3 and 4, e.g. basic transition metal chemistry, solid state chemistry and applications of NMR spectroscopy. Practical sessions and trouble shooting workshops are integral to the unit.


title:
Organic Chemistry for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This is an alternative unit to CHEM 20120 for students on Chemistry with Environmental Science. It consists of topics from CHEM 20120 selected to be of particular importance to Environmental Chemistry. Practical sessions and trouble shooting workshops are integral to the unit.


title:
Physical Chemistry for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit develops the introduction to physical chemistry given in CHEM 10100 to provide those aspects of physical chemistry required for advanced study of Chemistry with Environmental Science at Levels 3 and 4 e.g. kinetics and equilibria, states of matter, properties of solutions (including electrolytes) and interfaces. Practical sessions, mathematics tuition and trouble shooting workshops are integral to the unit.


title:
Special Topics in Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit provides additional special topics for students specialising in environmental chemistry e.g. radionuclides, heavy metals and lipids in the environment. The lectures are supported by workshops and practical work.


title:
Techniques for Chemists for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit provides training in basic skills for a chemist - applications of computers and library/information retrieval skills as for unit CHEM 20160 but with the content selected to suit the needs of students studying environmental chemistry.


desc:
This unit is intended to give a similar coverage to CHEM 30610 for students who are doing a project and therefore cannot do the practical sessions. The lectures cover, additionally, aspects of theoretical or environmental chemistry and are supported by trouble shooting workshops.


desc:
This unit is intended to give a similar coverage to CHEM 30620 for students who are doing a project and therefore cannot do the practical sessions. The lectures cover, additionally, aspects of theoretical or environmental chemistry and are supported by trouble shooting workshops.


desc:
This unit is intended to give a similar coverage to CHEM 30630 for students who are doing a project and therefore cannot do the practical sessions. The lectures cover, additionally, aspects of theoretical or environmental chemistry and are supported by trouble shooting workshops.


desc:
Students undertake original investigations, singly or in groups. The presentation of their results forms a major part of the assessment. The unit allows students to apply and build on their understanding of chemistry, gives training in the methods of research and develops problem solving, written and oral presentation, IT and teamworking skills.

prereq:
Second level Chemistry units relevant to the topic area


desc:
The unit is carried out under the direction of a member of the academic staff and provides training in research methods and techniques. The topic of the project can be in any branch of chemistry and includes a critical evaluation of the chemical literature as well as the planned design and execution of experiments needed to establish further chemical knowledge. The results of the project work are often eventually included in primary publications in the chemical literature.


desc:
Students undertake original investigations, singly or in groups on topics relevant to Chemical Physics. The presentation of their results forms a major part of the assessment. The unit allows students to apply and build on their understanding of chemistry, gives training in the methods of research and develops problem solving, written and oral presentation, IT and teamworking skills.


title:
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit extends the areas of inorganic chemistry relevant to advanced study of Chemistry with Environmental Science given in CHEM 20410 e.g. applications of group theory, spectroscopy and crystallography to, and structural chemistry of, inorganic compounds. The lectures are supported by trouble shooting workshops.


title:
Advanced Organic Chemistry for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit extends the areas of organic chemistry relevant to advanced study of Chemistry with Environmental Science given in CHEM 20420 e.g. reaction mechanisms, synthetic uses of inorganic elements, asymmetric synthesis, heterocyclic chemistry, biosynthesis and the chemistry of carbohydrates. The lectures are supported by trouble shooting workshops.


title:
Advanced Physical Chemistry for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit extends the areas of physical chemistry relevant to advanced study of Chemistry with Environmental Science given in CHEM 20430 e.g. electrochemistry and the properties of liquids, solids and surfactants. The lectures are supported by trouble shooting workshops.


title:
Advanced Topics in Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit provides further special topics for students specialising in environmental chemistry e.g. trace constituents of the atmosphere, applications of trace metal analysis and fate of detergents in the environment. The lectures are supported by trouble shooting workshops.


title:
Chemistry with Environmental Science Project Work

desc:
Students undertake original investigations, singly or in groups on topics related to environmental science. The presentation of their results forms a major part of the assessment. The unit allows students to apply and build on their understanding of chemistry and environmental science, gives training in the methods of research and develops problem solving, written and oral presentation, IT and teamworking skills.


title:
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry and Practical Skills

desc:
This unit develops inorganic chemistry from the base of CHEM 20110 to provide the coverage suitable for an Honours chemistry graduate e.g. applications of spectroscopy, group theory and crystallography to, and structural chemistry of, inorganic compounds and advanced aspects of the chemistry of transition metal and main group elements including organometallic compounds and homogeneous catalysis. The unit includes trouble shooting workshops and practical sessions to develop advanced techniques.


title:
Advanced Organic Chemistry and Practical Skills

desc:
This unit develops organic chemistry from the base of CHEM 20120 to provide the coverage suitable for an Honours chemistry graduate e.g. stereochemistry and conformation, reaction mechanisms, synthetic uses of inorganic elements, asymmetric synthesis, heterocyclic chemistry, biosynthesis, pericyclic reactions and the chemistry of carbohydrates. The unit includes trouble shooting workshops and practical sessions to develop advanced techniques.


title:
Advanced Physical Chemistry and Practical Skills

desc:
This unit develops physical chemistry from the base of CHEM 20130 to provide the coverage suitable for an Honours chemistry graduate e.g. aspects of statistical mechanics, reaction dynamics, electrochemistry, solid state chemistry and the properties of liquids, solids, colloids, surfactants and molecules at surfaces. The unit includes trouble shooting workshops and practical sessions to develop advanced techniques.


desc:
This unit extends the coverage of environmental chemistry given by CHEM 20140 at a level suitable for an Honours chemistry graduate e.g. aspects of metal ions, pesticides in the environment and analysis of mass spectrometry. The unit includes trouble shooting workshops and practical sessions to develop advanced practical techniques.


desc:
This unit develops theoretical chemistry from the base of CHEM 20150 to provide the coverage suitable for an Honours chemistry graduate e.g. bonding in polyatomic molecules, rotational, vibrational and electronic spectroscopy and molecular structure. The unit includes trouble shooting workshops and practical sessions in support of the lectures.

coreq:
The group theory lectures within CHEM 30610


desc:
The facilities of the Worsley Chemistry Library (and the rest of the Library Service as appropriate) are used to investigate the background to the area of research that has been selected for the Level 4 research project. A short, critical, description of the research area is produced and submitted for assessment.


desc:
Students on this unit study a selection of topics from CHEM 30110, CHEM 30120 and CHEM 30130 which complement the areas of chemistry studied during the year in Continental Europe.


desc:
Students on this unit study the lectures on either environmental chemistry (CHEM 30640) or theoretical chemistry (CHEM 30650) or an equivalent number of other Level 3 Chemistry lectures not already selected for CHEM 30700.

prereq:
Successful completion of year 3 of F104 and relevant year 2 unit.


title:
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry and Practical Skills for Chemical Physics

desc:
This unit extends the areas of inorganic chemistry relevant to chemical physics given in CHEM 20310 to an advanced level (suitable for MSci students) e.g. the applications of group theory and crystallography to, and structural chemistry of inorganic compounds; inorganic geochemistry. The unit includes trouble shooting workshops and practical sessions to develop advanced practical techniques.


title:
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry and Practical Skills for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit extends the areas of inorganic chemistry relevant to advanced study of Chemistry with Environmental Science given in CHEM 20410 e.g. applications of group theory, spectroscopy and crystallography to, and structural chemistry of, inorganic compounds. The unit includes trouble-shooting workshops and practical sessions to develop advanced techniques.


title:
Advanced Organic Chemistry and Practical Skills for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit extends the areas of organic chemistry relevant to advanced study of Chemistry with Environmental Science given in CHEM 20420 e.g. reaction mechanisms, synthetic uses of inorganic elements, asymmetric synthesis, heterocyclic chemistry, biosynthesis and the chemistry of carbohydrates. The unit includes trouble shooting workshops and practical sessions.


title:
Advanced Physical Chemistry and Practical Skills for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit extends the areas of physical chemistry relevant to advanced study of Chemistry with Environmental Science given in CHEM 20430 e.g. aspects of statistical mechanics, electrochemistry, solid state chemistry and the properties of liquids, solids and surfactants. The unit includes trouble shooting workshops and practical sessions to develop advanced techniques.


desc:
The facilities of the appropriate parts of the Library Service (e.g. Worsley Chemistry Library, Biological Sciences Library and/or Geology Library) are used to investigate the background to the area of research that has been selected for the Level 4 research project in environmental science. A short, critical, description of the research area is produced and submitted for assessment.


title:
Advanced and Special Inorganic Chemistry

desc:
This unit combines the majority of the lectures of Level 3 MSci inorganic chemistry (CHEM 30610) with a selection of the final year special inorganic chemistry topics within CHEM 40600 and is intended for F105 MSci students after their year in industry.


desc:
This unit combines the majority of the lectures of Level 3 MSci organic chemistry (chem 30620) with a selection of the final year special organic chemistry topics within CHEM 40600 and is intended for F105 students after their year in industry.


desc:
This unit combines the majority of the lectures of Level 3 MSci physical chemistry (CHEM 30630) with a selection of the final year special physical chemistry topics within CHEM 40600 and is intended for F105 students after their year in industry.


desc:
The unit is carried out under the direction of a member of the academic staff and provides training in research methods and techniques. The topic of the project can be in any branch of chemistry and includes a critical evaluation of the chemical literature as well as the planned design and execution of experiments needed to establish further chemical knowledge. Students are expected to demonstrate the skills acquired through the year of industrial experience e.g. in oral and written presentation of results. The results of the project work are often eventually included in primary publications in the chemical literature.


desc:
This unit provides in depth study of a range of topics in the main areas of chemistry. Typical topics might be statistical mechanics, colloids, molecular modelling, and photochemistry in physical chemistry; bioorganic chemistry, reactivity and stereoselectivity in organic chemistry; biological inorganic chemistry, lanthanides and actinides, advanced materials and metal-based drugs in inorganic chemistry.


desc:
This unit brings together the various skills that a well trained chemist employs. There are exercises in problem solving requiring the application of basic chemical knowledge and numeracy to unseen questions. The student will participate in all the activities expected of a fully contributing member of a research team - attendance at seminars, contributions in group meetings etc. Students will develop their presentational skills through oral and written reports of their research project (CHEM 40670).


desc:
This unit is carried out under the direction of a member of the academic staff and provides training in research methods and techniques. The topic of the project can be in any branch of chemistry and includes a critical evaluation of the chemical literature as well as the planned design and execution of experiments needed to establish further chemical knowledge. Students are expected to demonstrate the knowledge and skills acquired at Level 3. The results of the project work are often eventually included in primary publications in the chemical literature.

prereq:
Successful completion of Level 3 of F103


desc:
Students on this unit study half of the topics covered in CHEM 40600 i.e. two in each of the main areas of chemistry (physical, organic and inorganic).


desc:
The unit is carried out under the direction of a member of the academic staff and provides training in research methods and techniques. The topic of the project can be in any branch of chemistry and includes a critical evaluation of the chemical literature as well as the planned design and execution of experiments needed to establish further chemical knowledge. Students are expected to demonstrate the skills acquired through the year of study in Continental Europe e.g. in oral and written presentation of results. The results of the project work are often eventually included in primary publications in the chemical literature.


title:
Special Topics in Chemistry for Chemical Physics

desc:
This unit provides in depth study of a range of topics in physical and theoretical chemistry. Typical topics might be statistical mechanics, colloids, molecular modelling, advanced spectroscopy and advanced studies of atomic and molecular structure.


title:
Transferable Skills for Chemical Physics

desc:
This unit brings together the various skills that a well trained chemical physicist employs. There are exercises in problem solving requiring the application of basic knowledge of chemistry, physics and numeracy to unseen questions. The student will participate in all the activities expected of a fully contributing member of a research team - attendance at seminars, contributions in group meetings etc. Students will develop their presentational skills through oral and written reports of their research project (CHEM 40670).


title:
Special Topics in Chemistry for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit provides in-depth study of a range of topics of relevance to environmental chemistry. These will be selected from those in CHEM 40600 plus additional courses.


title:
Transferable Skills for Environmental Chemistry

desc:
This unit brings together the various skills that a well trained environmental chemist employs. There are exercises in problem solving requiring the application of basic knowledge of chemistry, environmental chemistry and numeracy. The student will participate in all the activities expected of a fully contributing member of a research team - attendance at seminars, contributions in group meetings etc. Students will develop their presentational skills through oral and written reports of their research project (CHEM 40970).

prereq:
Successful completion of Level 3 of F143


title:
Major Environmental Science Research Project

desc:
This unit is carried out under the direction of a member of the academic staff and provides a training in research methods and techniques. The topic of the project can be in any branch of environmental chemistry and includes a critical evaluation of the chemical literature as well as the planned design and execution of experiments needed to establish further knowledge. Students are expected to demonstrate the knowledge and skills acquired at level 3. The results of the project work are often eventually included in primary publications in the chemical literature.


desc:
The unit involves the study of chemistry in a University of a country appropriate to the European language in which the student is qualified. The unit content will depend on the University concerned but will include modules in at least two branches of Chemistry (Analytical, Inorganic, Organic, Physical, Theoretical) with practical work in coursework or project form.

prereq:
Successful completion of appropriate Language unit and level 2 Chemistry and Language units


desc:
The unit is carried out in the chemical industry. The work involves industrial research and is supervised by both an academic and an industrial adviser. The results are presented as both interim and final reports.

prereq:
Successful completion of level 2 Chemistry units


title:
Industrial Placement with distance learning

desc:
The unit is carried out in the chemical industry. The work involves industrial research and is supervised by both an academic and an industrial adviser. The results are presented as both interim and final reports. Additionally, students complete and are assessed on course work in all the major branches of the subject.


title:
Study of Chemistry in Continental Europe

desc:
The unit involves the study of chemistry in a University of a country appropriate to the European language in which the student is qualified. The unit content will depend on the University concerned but will include modules in at least two branches of Chemistry (Analytical, Inorganic, Organic, Physical/Theoretical) with practical work in coursework or project form. The selected modules must include coverage of at least half the material in units CHEM 30110, 30120 and 30130.

prereq:
Successful completion of appropriate Language unit and level 2 Chemistry


desc:
This unit may be taken as part of a preliminary year of study. The content is identical to PHYS 10300 Physics 1E.


desc:
The unit spends some time consolidating basic physics that students have already met, but also introduces many new concepts. It is based on a single comprehensive textbook. The approach is mathematical and is closely integrated with the Mathematics 1A (or permitted equivalent) unit. Lectures cover mechanics, special relativity, quantum physics and elementary particles, circuits and electronics, thermodynamics, fields, oscillations and waves. Laboratory work is five hours per week, the experiments aimed at familiarising the student with experimental techniques and developing a critical approach to experimentation. There are also exercises to develop skills in electronics and computing. The unit includes a weekly tutorial.

prereq:
Normally A-levels in Mathematics and Physics or equivalent


desc:
This unit is primarily intended for students of chemical, earth and biological sciences and is designed to give a general over-view of the important ideas of physics. It is based on a single comprehensive textbook and includes lectures on mechanics, properties of matter, kinetic theory, thermodynamics, oscillations and waves, electricity, magnetism and electrical circuit, geometrical and wave optics, quantum physics. Laboratory work of three hours per week includes some electronics and computing. The unit contains a large element of continuous assessment and includes seminars, workshops and design studios.

prereq:
Normally A-level or equivalent in Mathematics


desc:
This unit is designed for students in biological and earth sciences or for students intending to proceed in medical, dental or veterinary training whose background in physics and mathematics is limited. No calculus is assumed. Lectures cover mechanics and general physics, optics, electricity and magnetism, atomic physics. There is a laboratory class for 3 hours per week and informal tutorial sessions. Students taking Physics 1E cannot normally proceed to other units in Physics.


desc:
This unit is designed to cover the whole field of astronomy in an introductory but quantitative way. Lectures on the sun and other stars, planetary interiors and atmospheres, dynamical effects in the solar system, stellar evolution, neutron stars and black holes, binary stars, the interstellar medium and cosmic rays. External galaxies, radio galaxies, quasars; cosmology. Co-ordinate systems and time-measurement, distance determination, orbits under gravity; telescope design. Three hours per week practical class analysing astronomical data; a design study. There is a weekly tutorial. A familiarity with calculus is assumed.


desc:
This unit is an introduction to stars and to the solar system. Its aim is to make students familiar with the dimensions, timescales and physical conditions found in astronomy, and to show how astronomical observations can be interpreted through physical laws, particularly the laws of radiation and of gravity. The practical work is very varied and includes analysis of observation data, a simple project and group work on the design of a major astronomical project. Weather permitting, evening observing sessions are arranged using the department's telescope. The unit consists of the following elements all weighted in proportion to the student work-load: Electromagnetic Radiation; The Solar System; Stars. A familiarity with calculus is required.

prereq:
A-level Mathematics or Physics, or equivalent


desc:
This unit is composed of the following elements: Laboratory Work 230 - familiarisation with scientific instruments, new techniques and illustration of theoretical concepts, organisation of experiments; Computational Physics Workshop 231 - develops computing skills acquired in Level 1 Mathematics; and Communication Skills 232 - training in writing techniques, presentation skills and group work.

prereq:
Normally MATH 10100, PHYS 10100 or equivalents


desc:
This unit is composed of the following elements: Mathematics 201 - introduces probability and vector calculus in a physical context; Thermal Physics 203 - introduces the fundamental concepts of macroscopic thermal physics and statistical physics; Quantum Physics 205 - introduces Schrodinger's wave mechanics; Electromagnetism 206 - examines the basic experimental laws of electricity and magnetism, develops related theories and covers the properties of conductors and insulators; Structure of Condensed Matter 212 - outlines structure of matter and methods of its determination.

prereq:
Normally MATH 10100 and PHYS 10100 or equivalents


desc:
This unit is composed of the following elements: Mathematics 202 - develops and illustrates the mathematical techniques used in solving partial differential equations; Mechanics 207 - completes the essential minimum of mechanics; Waves 208 - discusses topics concerning the propagation, reflection, diffraction and interference of waves; Nuclear Structure and Synthesis 209 - introduces the basic properties of nuclei; and either Materials Science 210 - introduces materials science and surveys the general classes of materials, or Structure and Evolution of Stars 211 - examines how ideas from different fields of physics can be used to provide an understanding of the structure of stars.

prereq:
Normally MATH 10100 and PHYS 10100, and some or all of the following depending upon which optional elements are chosen: elements  Mathematics 201, Quantum Mechanics 205, Struct. Cond. Matter 212, or PHYS 10500


desc:
This unit is composed of the following elements: Mathematics 202 - develops and illustrates the mathematical techniques used in solving partial differential equations; Mechanics 207 - completes the essential minimum of mechanics: Waves 208 - discusses topics concerning the propagation, reflection, diffraction and interference of waves; Nuclear Structure and Synthesis 209 - examines how simple models of interactions between protons and neutrons can be used to explain the properties of nuclei; and Structure and Evolution of Stars 211 - examines how ideas from different fields of physics can be used to provide an understanding of the structure of stars.

prereq:
Normally MATH 10100, PHYS 10100, PHYS 10500 and the elements  Mathematics 201, Quantum Mechanics 205, or equivalents


desc:
This unit is composed of the following lecture-based elements: Quantum Physics 205 - introduces Schrodinger's wave mechanics; Electromagnetism 206 - examines the basic experimental laws of electricity and magnetism, develops related theories and covers the properties of conductors and insulators; Mechanics 207 (completes the essential minimum of mechanics) OR Materials Science 210 (Introduces materials science and surveys the general classes of materials) OR Structure of Condensed Matter 212 (outlines structure of matter and methods of its determination)[unless chosen as an option in PHYS 20011]; and Waves 208 - discusses topics concerning the propagation, reflection, diffraction and interference of waves.

prereq:
Normally MATH 10100, PHYS 10100 and the elements  Mathematics 201, Mathematics 202 or equivalents

coreq:
MATH 21900 (Unless Mechanics 207 is taken)


desc:
This unit is composed of the following lecture-based and non-lecture-based elements: Thermal Physics 203 - introduces the fundamental concepts of macroscopic thermal physics and statistical physics; Laboratory Work 233 - familiarisation with scientific instruments, new techniques and illustration of theoretical concepts, organisation of experiments; plus either Structure of Condensed Matter 212 - outlines structure of matter and methods of its determination, or Nuclear Structure and Synthesis 209 - introduces the basic properties of nuclei.

prereq:
Normally MATH 10100, PHYS 10100 and (if Nuclear Structure and Synthesis 209 is chosen) the element Quantum Physics 205, or equivalents


desc:
This unit is composed of the following lecture-based and non-lecture-based elements: Thermal Physics 203 - introduces the fundamental concepts of macroscopic thermal physics and statistical physics; Quantum Physics 205 - introduces Schrodinger's wave mechanics; Electromagnetism 206 - examines the basic experimental laws of electricity and magnetism, develops related theories and covers the properties of conductors and insulators; Mechanics 207 - completes the essential minimum of mechanics; and Laboratory Work 235 - familiarisation with scientific instruments, new techniques and illustration of theoretical concepts, organisation of experiments.

prereq:
Normally MATH 10100, PHYS 10100 and the element  Mathematics 201, or equivalents


desc:
This unit is composed of the following elements: Laboratory Work 236 - familiarisation with scientific instruments, new techniques and illustration of theoretical concepts, organisation of experiments. Computational Physics Workshop 237- develops computing skills acquired in Level 1 Mathematics; and Communication Skills 238 - training in writing techniques, presentation skills and group work.


desc:
This unit consists of the following elements each weighted according to student load: Mathematical Methods 201 - introduces probability and vector calculus in a physical context; Mathematical Methods 202 - develops and illustrates the mathematical techniques used in solving partial differential equations and Laboratory Work 235 - familiarisation with scientific instruments, new techniques and illustration of theoretical concepts, organisation of experiments.


desc:
This unit consists of the following elements, each weighted according to student load: Thermal Physics 203 - introduces the fundamental concepts of macroscopic thermal physics and statistical physics; Structure of Condensed Matter 212 - outlines structure of matter and methods of its determination; Electromagnetism 206 - examines the basic experimental laws of electricity and magnetism, develops related theories and covers the properties of conductors and insulators Materials Science 210 - introduces materials science and surveys the general classes of materials.


desc:
This unit consists of the following elements weighted in accordance with student load: Mechanics 207 (completes the essential minimum of mechanics); Waves 208 (discusses topics concerning the propagation, reflection, diffraction and interference of waves); Nuclear Structure and Synthesis 209 (introduces the basic properties of nuclei); Laboratory Work 239 (familiarisation with scientific instruments, new techniques and illustration of theoretical concepts).

prereq:
MATH 10100, PHYS 10100 and the elements Mathematical Methods 201, Quantum Physics 205, Structure of Condensed Matter 212 or equivalents


desc:
This unit consists of the following elements weighted in accordance with student load: Mathematical Methods 202 (develops and illustrates the mathematical techniques used in solving partial differential equations); Computational Physics 231 (develops computing skills acquired in level 1 Mathematics).

prereq:
MATH 10100 and the element Mathematical Methods 201 or equivalents


desc:
This unit is composed of the following Level 2 Physics elements weighted approximately in accordance with hours of student input. Thermal Physics 203; Quantum Mechanics 205; Waves 208 or Electromagnetism 206; Mechanics 207 or Nuclear Structure and Synthesis 209 or Structure of Condensed Matter 212.

prereq:
PHYS 10100, MATH 10100 and (if Nuclear Structure and Synthesis 209 is chosen) the element Quantum Physics 205, or equivalents


desc:
This unit is composed of the following Level 2 Physics elements weighted approximately in accordance with hours of student input. Mathematical Methods 201; any four from: Electromagnetism 206, Mechanics 207, Waves 208, Nuclear Structure and Synthesis 209 or Structure of Condensed Matter 212, or exceptionally other Level 2 elements with the department's approval.

prereq:
PHYS 10100, MATH 10100, and (if Nuclear Structure and Synthesis is chosen) the element Quantum Physics 205, or equivalent


desc:
This unit is composed of the following Level 2 Physics elements weighted approximately in accordance with hours of student input. Laboratory Work 235; Computational Physics 234; Mathematical Methods 202; Thermal Physics 203; Quantum Physics 205.


title:
Physics 2Y - General Level 2 Elements in Physics

desc:
Any three existing level 2 lecture elements not otherwise taken in any unit (see descriptions under PHYS 20002 and PHYS 20003).

prereq:
Normally MATH 10100 & PHYS 10100 & some/all of the following depending on optional elements chosen: Maths 201, Quantum Mechanics 205, Struct. Cond. Matter 212 or PHYS 10500 or equivalents


desc:
This unit is composed of the following lecture-based units all with equal weighting: PHYS 30100 Quantum Mechanics 301; PHYS 30200 Quantum Mechanics 302; PHYS 30900 Quarks and Leptons 309. Further brief descriptions will be found under the appropriate unit codes.

prereq:
Normally the element Quantum Physics 205 or equivalent


desc:
This unit is composed of the following lecture-based units, all with equal weighting: PHYS 30300 Statistical Physics 303; PHYS 30400 Electrons and Phonons 304; and PHYS 30700 Electromagnetism 307. Further brief descriptions will be found under the appropriate unit codes.

prereq:
Normally the elements Thermal Physics 203, Quantum Mechanics 301, Electromagnetism 206 or equivalent


desc:
This unit is composed of the following non-lecture-based elements; Laboratory Work 331 - consists of periods spent in the Physics Laboratory learning experimental techniques; Computer Package Training 332 - develops computational skills with physics applications; Group Work 333 - involves students working on a physics-related topic in groups of 8-10, producing a written report and giving a presentation.


desc:
This unit is composed of three lecture-based units chosen from the following list:- PHYS 30500 Semiconductor and Surface Physics 305; PHYS 30600 Mathematical Methods 306; PHYS 30800 Particle Interactions 308; PHYS 31000 Physics of the Interstellar Medium 310; PHYS 31100 High Energy Astrophysics 311; PHYS 31200 Cosmology 312; PHYS 31300 Polymer Physics 313; PHYS 31500 Modern Optics 315; PHYS 31600 Analysis of Crystalline Materials 316; PHYS 31700 Biophysics 317; PHYS 31800 Elasticity and Flow 318; other unit or elements with the approval of the department. Further brief descriptions will be found under the appropriate unit codes.


desc:
This unit is composed of the following lecture-based units:- PHYS 30100 Quantum Mechanics 301; PHYS 30400 Electrons and Phonons 304; PHYS 30700 Electromagnetism 307. For a brief description of each unit refer to the individual code.

prereq:
Normally the elements Quantum Physics 205, Statistical Physics 303, Electromagnetism 206 or equivalents


desc:
This unit is composed of the following lecture-based units:- PHYS 31300 Polymer Physics 313; PHYS 31500 Modern Optics 315. For a brief description of each unit refer to the individual code.

prereq:
Normally the elements State of Matter 304, Waves 208 or equivalent


desc:
This unit is composed of the following lecture-based and non-lecture-based units and elements:- PHYS 30100 Quantum Mechanics 301; PHYS 30300 Statistical Physics 303; Computer Package Training 343 - develops computational skills with physics applications. Further brief descriptions will be found under the appropriate unit codes.

prereq:
Normally Quantum Physics 205, Thermal Physics 203, or equivalent


desc:
This unit is composed of PHYS 30200 Quantum Mechanics 302, plus two units chosen from the following list: PHYS 30400 Electrons and Phonons 304; PHYS 30500 Semiconductor and Surface Physics 305; PHYS 30600 Mathematical Methods 306; PHYS 30700 Electromagnetism 307; PHYS 30900 Quarks and Leptons 309; PHYS 31300 Polymer Physics 313; PHYS 31500 Modern Optics 315; PHYS 31800 Elasticity and Flow 318; other units or elements with the approval of the department. Further brief descriptions will be found under the appropriate unit codes.

prereq:
See individual unit descriptions for details


desc:
This unit consists of the following elements weighted equally: PHYS 30100 Quantum Mechanics 301, PHYS 30300 Statistical Physics 303, PHYS 30900 Quarks and Leptons 309. Further details will be found under the appropriate unit codes.


desc:
This unit consists of the following elements weighted equally: PHYS 30800 Particle Interactions 308, PHYS 31100 High-energy Astrophysics 311, PHYS 31200 Cosmology 312. Further details will be found under the appropriate unit codes.


desc:
The unit consists of the following elements weighted equally: PHYS 31000 Physics of the Interstellar Medium 310; two additional 10 credit point level 3 physics units chosen with the approval of the Department. Further details will be found under the appropriate unit codes.


desc:
This unit consists of the following elements weighted according to student load: Laboratory Work 338 - consists of periods spent in the Physics Laboratory learning experimental techniques; Computer Package Training 339 - develops computation skills with physics applications; Group Work 340 - involves students working on a physics-related topic in groups of 8 - 10, producing a written report and giving a presentation.


desc:
This unit is composed of the following units, equally weighted in accordance with student load. PHYS 30100 Quantum Mechanics 301; PHYS 30300 Statistical Physics 303; PHYS 30400 Electrons and Phonons 304.


desc:
This unit is composed of the following units, equally weighted in accordance with student load. PHYS 31300 Polymer Physics 313; PHYS 34400 Laboratory Work 344; and one of PHYS 31700, Biophysics 317, PHYS 31600 Analysis of Crystalline Materials 316, or other Physics unit.


desc:
This continuation of the Level 2 element (Quantum Physics 205) provides an introduction to the more abstract operator formulation of the subject, to ideas of quantum measurement and to some of the conceptual issues associated with the interpretation of quantum mechanics. The unit describes applications of quantum mechanics to many-particle systems and to multi-electron atoms. Topics covered are: Formal structure of quantum mechanics, Constants of the motion and conservation laws, Angular momentum: another look, Elementary treatments of matrix mechanics. Spin revisited, Identical particles: Bosons, Fermions and Paulis exclusion principle, Spin and the Quantum theory of Measurement, Collapse of the wave function.


desc:
We continue the development of quantum mechanics with particular emphasis on its application to real problems in physics. First we give a brief exposition of Dirac's approach to quantum mechanics, using his notation in a brief review of the formal basis of the subject. We then introduce some new techniques for quantum-mechanical calculations where an exact solution is difficult or impossible. Finally we consider time dependence in quantum mechanics and the application of perturbation theory to electromagnetic transitions in atoms. Topics covered: Dirac's formulation of Quantum Mechanics, Perturbation theory (time-independent), The variational method, Time-dependence.

prereq:
Normally the element Quantum Mechanics 301 or equivalent


desc:
This unit recapitulates with additional applications the use of the Boltzmann distribution introduced in Level 2; then it develops further the basic principles and in particular familiarizes the student with the concept of chemical potential and its use. These principles and concepts will be applied to simple cases of phase equilibrium, adsorption and equilibrium theory of 'chemical' reactions. The Fermi-Dirac distribution will be introduced in an elementary fashion and applied to electrons in a conductor, white dwarf stars, etc.

prereq:
Normally the element Thermal Physics 203 or equivalent


desc:
This is a core unit for the introduction of the conceptual framework by which the characteristic bulk properties of both metals and insulators can be understood in terms of their physical origin. The roles played by electrons, both free and nearly-free, and the coherent oscillations of the lattice structure are emphasised. The unit builds on the foundations laid in level 2, and is itself a pre-requisite for several units which follow, notably Semiconductors and Surface Physics 305 and Magnetism and Superconductivity 410.

prereq:
Normally the elements Quantum Mechanics 301 and Statistical Physics 303 or equivalents


desc:
This unit builds on the background provided by Electrons and Phonons 304 to describe the motion of electrons in a band, the idea of a band gap in semiconductors and the effects of doping of semiconductors. The role of electrons at surfaces and interfaces is explored and the quantum Hall effect is discussed. The application to understanding semiconductor lasers and LEDs is considered.

prereq:
Normally the element Electrons and Phonons 304 or equivalent


desc:
Both this unit and the related Mathematical Methods 404 are about mathematics for physicists; thus the level of rigour reflects current practice in theoretical physics and the choice of topics is determined by their usefulness and applicability in physics at all levels. The theory of analytic functions underlies a large number of powerful techniques which are used in analysing problems in physics, engineering and applied mathematics. The basic concepts of analytic functions, both single-valued and multi-valued, will be introduced, and the essential theory needed for understanding and using the method of contour integration for evaluating integrals will be derived. The theory of the Fourier transform will be reviewed and extended, and the Laplace transform will be developed from it. Both transforms will then be applied to the solution of some ordinary differential equations.

prereq:
Normally the element Mathematics 202 or equivalent


desc:
This unit builds on the Level 2 (Electromagnetism 206) and develops an understanding of the magnetic fields produced by currents and the magnetic properties of materials. Wave propagation in materials, and technologically important guided wave propagation, are then described. Topics covered are: Magnetic fields of steady currents: the magnetic vector potential and the Biot- Savart Law. Magnetic energy. Mutual inductance and self inductance, Field and dipole moment of a current loop. Magnetic moments of atoms, Magnetic properties of materials. Free current and bound current. Paramagnetism, diamagnetism, ferromagnetism, Time-dependent fields in insulators. Attenuation of a plane wave. Time dependent fields in conductors and plasmas. Skin depth, Simple treatment of coaxial cables and rectangular wave guides. Descriptive account of optical fibres.

prereq:
Normally the element Electromagnetism 206 or equivalent


desc:
This unit treats the production and interaction of fast particles and high- energy photons, together with techniques used to detect and measure them. Topics covered are: A brief outline of particle types; Charged and neutral particles; Leptons and hadrons, Baryons and mesons, Quantum numbers and conservation laws, Strong interactions, Electromagnetic interactions, Particle decays, Primary and secondary particles in accelerators and cosmic radiation, Relativistic kinematics, Energy-momentum four-vector. Lorentz-invariant mass. Transformation between laboratory and centre-of-mass frames, Elastic and inelastic scattering, Kinematics of particle production and decay, Motion of charged particles in a magnetic field, Interactions of fast particles, Pion production, bremsstrahlung and synchrotron radiation, ionisation and multiple scattering. Cherenkov radiation, Interactions of high-energy photons, Compton scattering, Pair production, Electromagnetic showers and hadronic showers, Particle detectors.


desc:
This unit gives a qualitative outline of the Standard Model of particle physics. This Model describes the properties and interactions of quarks and leptons, which make up all known forms of matter in the Universe. Topics covered are: Introduction: 4 forces. 12 particles. 1 universe, EM interactions, Weak interactions, The quark structure of nucleons, Strong interactions, High-energy collisions, Particle decay, Outro: Grand unification. Gravitation, the origin of mass.


desc:
Topics covered are: Introduction and overview, Techniques: Radio telescopes; interferometers; spectrometers, Physics of formation of spectral lines; interpretation of line profiles. Radiation transfer, Chemistry: the formation and destruction of molecules, Objects: H1 regions; H11 regions; molecular clouds, Young stellar objects; T tauri stars; OH/IR stars, Star formation: dynamics of collapse; outflows, Masers: interstellar masers; circumstellar masers.

prereq:
Normally the element Structure and Evolution of Stars 211 or equivalent


desc:
Introduction and overview: high-energy particles; energetic objects; cosmic rays solar flares; supernovae; active galactic nuclei; pulsars, Cosmic rays at earth: matter from outside the solar system; detectors; abundances; isotropy; energy spectra, Cosmic rays within the solar system: effects of the sun, Energetic particles from the sun: solar flares, Cosmic-ray electrons outside the solar system: radio emission from supernova remnants, galaxies, quasars; synchrotron radiation; other loss processes, Cosmic-ray protons outside the solar system: gamma rays from cold matter; the gamma-ray background; gamma-ray bursts, Propagation of cosmic rays: diffusion; fragmentation; confinement volume, Sources of cosmic rays: acceleration mechanisms; condensed objects; pulsars; interstellar shock-waves.

prereq:
Normally PHYS 10500, the elements Particle Interactions 308, and Structure and Evolution of Stars 211, or equivalents


desc:
Survey of the observable universe on the large scale: galaxies and their distribution; distance measurements; homogeneity and isotropy; red shift and Hubble 'constant'; mass density. Cosmological kinematics: cosmological principle; basic general-relativistic cosmology; Robertson-Walker (RW) space- time models; big-bang models and their kinetic predictions; Hubble's law; red shift-magnitude relations; apparent sizes and luminosities of galaxies. Cosmological dynamics: histories of RW models depending on their matter and radiation content; the universe from t=10 sec to the present; origin of microwave background radiation; light-element synthesis; galaxy formation. Other cosmological models: steady-state theory; theories in which G changes with time. The universe from 10^-10^ to 10 seconds: connections with the Standard Model of particle physics; problems with the big-bang model; inflation.


desc:
Polymers form an important part of everyday life, and are now completely taken for granted, yet their internal structure and mechanical properties are significantly different from those of more traditional materials such as metals and ceramics. The aim of this unit is to offer a broad introduction to the subject of polymer physics, and to show to what extent our current ideas enable us to understand polymer behaviour. Although this unit forms a compulsory part of the Chemical Physics degree, previous chemical knowledge is not required. Topics covered are: Basic concepts of polymer science: Monomers, homopolymers and copolymers, Polymer synthesis, Chain statistics, Properties of polymer solutions, Polymer characterisation, Polymers in the real world, Polymer crystallisation, Amorphous polymers, Viscoelasticity, Liquid crystal polymers, Modern methods in polymer physics.

prereq:
Normally the element Structure of Condensed Matter 212 or equivalent


desc:
This unit first discusses some of the more advanced topics in classical optics and then goes on to introduce some of the exciting modern developments. We also develop some ideas of image processing of great practical importance which fit most naturally into this course although they are not specifically concerned with waves. Topics covered are: Sources; Spatial and temporal coherence; Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction theory; Brief mention of Fresnel diffraction; Stimulated emission; Coherent amplification; Lasers; Image formation; Holography Importance of phase information, its loss in photographic recording; Phase contrast microscopy; Fourier Transform spectroscopy; Image processing; Holography; Fourier computed tomography; Aperture synthesis; Non-linear wave- equations; Brief mention of solitons; Non-linear optics; Harmonic generation; Optical computers; Fibre optics. (If time permits: Rays; Fermats's Principle of Least Time; Geometrical Optics; Matrix description of lenses; Compound lenses; Lens aberrations.)

prereq:
Normally the element Waves 208 or equivalent


desc:
This unit aims to teach crystallography, elasticity and the nature of crystalline defects, and to introduce the main techniques of analysing perfect and imperfect crystals. Topics covered are:- Crystallography: Symmetry and symmetry elements; crystal classes; Bravais lattices, Miller and Miller-Bravais indices; stereographic projections; point groups; space groups; use of International Tables for X-ray crystallography. Imperfections in Crystals: Stress and strain; Hooke's law and constitutive equations; elastic energy; elastic theory of dislocations; stacking faults. Microanalytical Methods: X-ray diffraction; analysis of crystal structure; transmission electron microscopy and diffraction, kinematical and dynamical scattering, Bloch waves and channelling; observation and analysis of dislocations and stacking faults; scanning electron microscopy; measurement of crystal strains; elemental microanalysis.

prereq:
Normally the elements Waves 208, Electrons and Phonons 304 or equivalents


desc:
This unit aims to introduce physicists to the molecules of living organisms and to explain how physics contributes to the molecular understanding of life processes. The course will focus on the three-dimensional structures and hierarchical organisational levels of the biomolecules and macromolecules found in Nature together with the physical techniques (e.g. x-ray diffraction, electron and other types of microscopy and spectroscopy) necessary for the elucidation of architecture of rigid and dynamic systems. This knowledge is the basis for understanding the relationships between structure, function and properties of biological materials.


desc:
This unit aims to give a physical introduction to the continuum properties of matter. Topics to be covered include the following: Elasticity: Hooke's Law; Uniform strains; The torsion bar; shear waves; The bent beam; Buckling. Elastic materials: The strain tensor; The elasticity tensor; The motions in an elastic body; Non-elastic behaviour; Calculating the elastic constants. Flow of dry water: Hydrostatics; The equations of motion; Steady flow; Bernoulli's theorem; Circulation; Vortex lines. Flow of wet water; Viscosity; Viscous flow; The Reynolds number; Flow past a circular cylinder; The limit of zero viscosity; Couette flow.

prereq:
The element Mathematical Methods 201 or equivalent


desc:
Physics of the major electricity generation technologies with discussion of associated economic, environmental, political and social issues.


desc:
Students will study articles in the Institute of Physics professional magazine "Physics World". Each student will give a half hour talk on an article of his/her choice to a group of peers with a staff moderator and subsequently prepare a 2,000 word essay on the subject summarising the topic and the discussion subsequent to the talk. The talk and essay will give an overview of some of the latest developments in physics, presented in a lively and approachable way. The unit provides experience of interpreting material in various formats, of following up references to a variety of scientific literature, and in presenting a summary of complex material in a digestible and interesting way.

prereq:
Normally 120 credit points of Level 2 Physics units


desc:
This unit consists of both lectures and a group project. The lectures encompass a number of areas of physics and provide, by means of a variety of case studies, an introduction to techniques and methodologies of developing physical and mathematical models of industrial situations. The group project involves a real industrial project and each student is responsible for a specific task within the group activity. A group report and oral presentation is made. At least one visit to a local company to see how technical projects are managed is arranged.


desc:
This unit consists of a research project conducted in pairs (for experimental projects) or singly (for theoretical projects) directed by a supervisor and leading to a detailed individual report and oral assessment. A wide range of subjects is available, chosen from a booklet which is updated each year.

prereq:
Normally 120 credit points of level 2 Physics units


desc:
Students write a dissertation on one of a range of physics-related topics chosen from a booklet, with advice from a supervisor.


desc:
As per PHYS 33000 Project Work 330, but with a lower student load and thus a lower weighting.


desc:
As per PHYS 33400 Dissertation 334, but with a lower student load and thus a lower weighting.


desc:
As per PHYS 33000 but with the possibility of choosing projects with a greater emphasis on Astrophysics.


desc:
As per PHYS 33400 but with the possibility of choosing topics with a greater emphasis on Astrophysics.


desc:
The aims are to develop computational skills with physics applications. We aim to develop the students' skills to analyse and solve problems in physics and to present the results in a scientifically correct and attractive way. Topics may include: Investigation of chaotic systems; Torus billiard spectra; Interference phenomena; Handling large quantities of data; Quantum mechanics (tunnelling in a double-well potential); Condensed matter, (2d Ising model simulation). Atomic Scattering, trajectories, Monte Carlo methods.


desc:
This unit consists of periods spent in the Physics Laboratory learning experimental techniques.


desc:
A year spent studying in an approved university in Continental Europe with a physics content of at least 65%. 20 credit points of work are Open Units chosen at the discretion of the student; the remaining 100 credit points are chosen with the agreement of the Department.

prereq:
Normally a total of 120 credit points of level 2 Physics units and permitted level 2 Mathematics units


desc:
A year spent studying in an approved university in Continental Europe with a physics content sufficient to allow the possibility of progression into year 4 of an MSci programme. 20 credit points of work are Open Units chosen at the discretion of the student; the remaining 100 credit points are chosen with the agreement of the Department.


desc:
This unit describes advanced applications of non-relativistic quantum mechanics to a variety of real physical problems including scattering by potentials and the quantum behaviour of particles in electro-magnetic fields, and introduces the basic ideas of relativistic wave mechanics, i.e. the Dirac equation.

prereq:
Normally the elements Quantum Mechanics 301, Quantum Mechanics 302 or equivalents


desc:
Modern statistical mechanics finds applications in diverse fields of science. This unit aims to introduce some general techniques for understanding both time dependent and static (equilibrium) properties of 'real' systems where the constituents are strongly interacting. Emphasis is placed on notions of order, disorder and dynamical fluctuations, especially the spatial and temporal correlation functions which characterize these.

prereq:
Normally PHYS 20002, PHYS 20003 and the element Statistical Physics 303 or equivalents


desc:
This unit, like Mathematical Methods 306, is about mathematics for physicists. The aim is to extend the range of mathematical tools available to the practising physicist. The techniques are developed by a series of examples rather than by setting out the formal theory at length. The course covers the following topics: Calculus of Variations, Asymptotics, Partial Differential Equations (P.D.E.) and Green Functions.

prereq:
Normally PHYS 20002, PHYS 20003 and the element Mathematical Methods 306 or equivalents


desc:
Fluid flow and solid deformation are interesting, varied, and often beautiful phenomena. We aim to understand the underlying physics by first expressing the fundamental laws in forms appropriate to extended media, and then seeking relevant solutions by analytical or numerical means. The course is liberally illustrated with examples drawn from engineering, earth sciences and life sciences. Mathematics will be kept as simple as possible, and the emphasis will be on physical understanding. However, the course aims to develop a physical and mathematical understanding of the use of tensors to describe physical quantities. Topics covered are: Fluid mechanics, Sizes and fluid flow regimes; Turbulence and streamline flow; Applying Newtonian mechanics to continua; Simple solutions of Eurler's equation; Integral formulations; Deformation of solids; Classes of solids; Linear elasticity, Computational methods in continuum mechanics.

prereq:
Normally PHYS 20002 and PHYS 20003, or equivalents


desc:
We discuss the ways in which quarks are bound together to form hadrons and the classification of hadrons into families according to approximate symmetries such as isospin. The lightest hadrons in each family (apart from the proton) decay via the weak interaction. We study the description of these weak decay processes. The QN "mixing" of quark flavours via the "Cabibbo mechanism" is presented, giving a unified picture of quark and lepton weak interactions. We look at violation of discrete symmetries (Parity, Time Reversal and Charge Conjugation) in the weak interaction, leading to the concept of helicity in the interactions of relativistic particles. Finally we present the theory of the unified weak interaction.

prereq:
Normally PHYS 20002, PHYS 20003 and the element Quarks and Leptons 309 or equivalents


title:
Condensed Matter 410 - Magnetism and Superconductivity

desc:
Why are some materials magnetic or superconducting? What does it mean to say a material is 'superconducting'? These questions can only be answered by considering the mutual interactions between the valence electrons in a solid. The aim of this unit is to highlight the need to go beyond the independent- electron model introduced in the core unit Electrons and Phonons 304 (PHYS 30400). Topics are: Electrons in bands; Magnetism; Superconductivity.

prereq:
Normally PHYS 20002, PHYS 20003, Electrons and Phonons 304 and Semiconductor and Surface Physics 305 or equivalents


desc:
Radiation such as x-rays, light, radar and radio waves etc. are absorbed, emitted and scattered by matter. We shall study scientifically interesting and technologically important instances of these processes using classical and quantum mechanical descriptions of both the electromagnetic fields and the constituent particles of matter. The discussion will be as elementary as possible for a fully quantitative account of the phenomena in question. As a consequence a basic understanding of the laws of Classical and Quantum Mechanics as well as Electrodynamics is a prerequisite. Topics covered are: Radiation by atoms, LASERS, scattering by free electrons, radiation by Scattered electrons.

prereq:
Normally PHYS 20002, PHYS 20003, Quantum Mechanics 301 and Quantum Mechanics 302 or equivalents


desc:
The physics which goes on at surfaces and interfaces is very important, both for fundamental science and for technology. The two-dimensional nature of a surface gives us the chance to study phenomena different from those seen in three dimensions, while surfaces and interfaces are also crucial to the performance of materials and devices from catalysts to quantum-well lasers. The aim of this unit is to give a comprehensive introduction to this diverse field and convey something of the excitement of an area of active research. You will see how concepts developed in other courses can be used with only minor adaptations to describe new and unexpected physical processes, and at the same time gain some knowledge of experimental techniques vital both for academic and for industrial research. Topics covered are: Definition of a Surface, Surface tension and Surface reconstruction, Surface states in metals and semiconductors, Epitaxial growth, Physics at the solid-liquid interface.

prereq:
Normally, Electrons and Phonons 304 and Semiconductor and Surface Physics 305 or equivalents.


desc:
The principal aim of this unit is to give students a basic understanding of diffraction and spectroscopy as applied to the investigation of condensed matter systems. The underlying theme will be the scattering of waves and particles, and the relevant interactions. The unit calls on and unifies other aspects of the programme; a subsidiary aim is to reinforce the essential unity of physical ideas and principles. The unit is divided into five sections and students will be encouraged to participate through discussion sessions and problem sheets: Introduction; Correlation functions; Scattering Theory; Structure and Diffraction; Dynamics and Scattering.

prereq:
Normally PHYS 20002, PHYS 20003 and Electrons and Phonons 304 or equivalents


desc:
The course will concentrate on important aspects of modern theories and models of polymer physics and their applications in the real world. The lectures will be amply illustrated, drawing on diverse examples such as industrial applications of polymers, including some of the new high-technology materials, and food processing. Topics to be covered include: Polymer processing: economics of polymer production and processing; Rheology of solutions and melts theories of viscosity, complex and non-Newtonian fluids, behaviour of macromolecules in extensional flow fields, phase separation; Lyotropic and thermotropic Liquid-Crystalline Polymers; Crystallisation under flow, gel spinning, crystallisation models and theories; Computer Modelling of Polymers; Non-linear optical properties, conducting polymers, semiconductors and devices; Environmental Issues.


desc:
This course looks at the major particles of radiation and considers their effect on matter. It also considers the measurement of such radiation.

prereq:
Units containing the level 2 element Nuclear Structure and Synthesis 209 or equivalent


desc:
This unit is a broad introduction to the properties of ionized plasmas and their interactions with magnetic fields. The astrophysical phenomena considered are frozen-in magnetic field, stellar winds, shock waves, accretion discs, jets and acceleration mechanisms for charged particles.

prereq:
Normally PHYS 10500, PHYS 31000 or equivalents


desc:
This unit gives an introduction to the General Theory of Relativity, concentrating on the physical principles rather than the mathematics. Cosmological models based on Einstein's field equations will be described and the observational tests which can be made in these models will be discussed. Finally the problems associated with the inhomeogeneities in the Cosmic background radiation, the existence of dark matter and the development of large- scale structures in the Universe will be considered.

prereq:
Normally PHYS 10500 and PHYS 31200 or equivalents


title:
Current topics in Astrophysics and Particle Physics

desc:
This unit is a series of six case studies, each dealing with a topic of current interest in Astrophysics or Particle Physics. The unit will not only present recent advances in the subject but will also discuss aspects of scientific research such as funding, experimental design, interpretation of data which are not normally covered in undergraduate courses.

prereq:
Normally PHYS 30800, PHYS 30900, PHYS 31000, PHYS 31200 or equivalents


desc:
This unit consists of a supervised, physics-related research project carried out for two days each week either in pairs (experimental projects) or singly (theoretical projects), culminating in an individually written final report, an oral and/or poster presentation, and an oral examination.

prereq:
Normally 120 credit points of level 3 Physics units


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In this unit, students will carry out a project based around a literature search and give a short seminar reviewing a chosen field.


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As for PHYS 43000 but with the possibility of choosing projects with a greater emphasis on Astrophysics.


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As for PHYS 43100 but with the possibility of choosing a topic which has an emphasis on Astrophysics.


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General introduction to the history, literature and thought of the Old Testament. A general introduction to the religious, practical and cultural context of the synoptic gospels and John.


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The development of Christian Theology and the changing role of the Christian churches in European Society from the early church to the present day.


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Introduction to Hinduism and Buddhism. Lectures.


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Students are allocated to a small seminar group to read through and discuss a text. The aim of the unit is to encourage students to develop discussion skills and to learn how to present a seminar paper.


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This unit is a survey of primitive Christianity through the letters of Paul and other epistles attributed to the apostles. Particular attention is given to identifying and describing the diverse expressions of the new movement.


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This unit provides an introduction to a number of broad themes which are designed to illuminate the relationship between social and intellectual change and Christian theology and praxis in England since the Industrial Revolution. These themes include secularisation, ecumenism, Christian involvement in social works and ethical debate, and the impact of science and biblical studies upon Christian belief.


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Medieval Philosophy in Christianity, Islam and Judaism

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The encounter of the three major monotheistic religions (Judaism, Christianity, Islam) with philosophical thought (mainly Greek) in the medieval period.


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Introduction to Judaism; Introduction to Islam. Lectures


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Ideas of caste and class, classical Indian views of sexuality and aesthetics, some Sanskrit poems and plays in translation, and the development of Buddhist art and Hindu temple architecture.


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This unit examines the extent and nature of religious pluralism in modern Britain and some of the moral and legal challenges which this diversity poses.


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The unit introduces basic Hebrew grammar..


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This unit introduces students to the basic grammatical elements of the classical Arabic language.


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This unit builds upon THRS 10019 (Introduction to Arabic: Grammar). The students will begin to translate sections of the Qur'an and the Hadith, and to examine the issues of interpretation raised by these passages.


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First year seminar for a group of six students who read and discuss a selected text. Each student gives one seminar presentation on a portion of the text. The unit aims to teach skills of presentation and discussion.


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This unit examines miracles and magic in the social and religious constructions of formative Christianity from the apostolic era through the fourth century. Orthodox writings, non-canonical literature, rabbinic texts and Graeco-Russian documents provide the source material for this investigation.


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A study of four seminal German theologians whose work has shaped the agenda for much contemporary thought. The tour starts with the 'father' of modern theology Schleiermacher, who tries to marry theology and culture. Barth tries to wreck this marriage, and then gets entangled with Brunner who tries to mediate. Enter the fray: Bultmann, with his famous call to demythologise the New Testament. In the debates between these thinkers, we see major questions regarding Christ, God, the church and human society tackled.


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This unit explores some important currents in contemporary Christian Theology. We begin with Karl Rahner, probably one of the most influential Roman Catholic theologians of the century. Rahner's theology of nature and grace affected later theological developments - as found in strands of Latin American liberation theology. Then from Germany and Latin America we return to current trends in English theology, examining the liberal theology of John Hick and in radical contrast, the postmodern theology of John Milbank with an American detour via George Lindbeck.


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Religion and Gender: Theoretical Perspectives

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This unit applies the insights of critical gender analysis to the practice and study of religion. At the theoretical level concepts such as gender, androcentrism, sexism, patriarchy and the use of exclusive language in religious thought and practice will be analysed. At a comparative level the image, status and experience of women in different religions will be examined and questions of women's spirituality in medieval and modern times will be considered. The textbook for this unit is Ursula King, Women and Spirituality  (second edition, Macmillan, 1993). Lectures and seminars.


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This unit is only open to students who have taken the Religion and Gender unit first. It will examine the development of feminist theology in the USA, Europe and in countries of the Third World. After a historical introduction students will discuss specific texts in seminars. The selection of texts will vary from year to year but will include contemporary discussions on the models of God, theological issues in ecofeminism and the challenges of feminist theology from the Third World.


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Monism and Monotheism in Hindu Thought: Some case studies

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In this unit students will have a chance to study one of the most influential Hindu texts, the Bhagavad Gita (Song of the Lord), looking in some detail at its cultural and philosophical background as well as its main teachings. We shall then examine the contrasting theologies/philosophies of Samkara (c 8th century) and Ramanuja (llth-12th centuries). A common thread running through this unit will be the tensions in classical Indian thought between monism (one absolute reality) and monotheism (one supreme God).


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Yoga and Devotion: Hindu Paths of Practice

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The unit focuses on three main topics: Hindu devotionalism (bhakti) as exemplified by devotion to Krsna in the Bhagavata Purana, the theory and practice of yoga as expounded in Patanjali's Yoga Sutras and the principles of the practice of Hindu Tantra.


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The Foundations of Buddhist Thought and Practice

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The ideas and practices of Buddhism from the perspective of primarily, but not exclusively, the Theravadin ('Southern') tradition of Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand Laos and Cambodia. Topics covered include Buddhist cosmology, kamma and rebirth Buddhist ethics, the stages of the path, the teaching of 'no self', dependent arising (paticcasamuppada), meditation, Buddhist monasticism.


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After a brief look at the development of Buddhism in India after the death of the Buddha, this unit concentrates on the religious and philosophical foundations of Indian and to a lesser extent Tibetan Mahayana Buddhism. There will also be occasional references to Sino-Japanese forms of Buddhism. We shall look at some Mahayana Philosophical discussions of how things really are, the path to Buddhahood, and the changing status of the Buddha as well as the growth of devotional Buddhism. We are usually able to arrange a guided visit to a Tibetan Buddhist centre. This unit or a close equivalent will be a prerequisite for any third level unit in Tibetan religions.


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This unit investigates miracle, medicine and magic in biblical Judaism and New Testament Christianity. Particular emphasis is given to the gospel tradition of Jesus as exorcist and healer.


title:
Heresy and Reform in the Central and Middle Ages

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This unit will examine the medieval church's response to various lay and clerical movements that embraced a life of ascetic perfection. In some cases these groups were accepted as reforming movements as with the Franciscans. However, other groups like the Waldensians were identified as heretical. We will explore how the church constructed boundaries between orthodoxy and heresy by examining: (1) how the church defined heresy; and (2) how the church attempted to combat heretical groups with rhetoric and violence.


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This unit will explain what the Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS) are and analyse their contribution to our understanding of the Hebrew Bible, Second Temple Judaism and nascent Christianity. Prominent will be identity of the fascinating Jewish group - probably an Essene community - responsible for the collection. The impact of the DSS on contemporary Jewish and Christian religion will also be evaluated. The unit will consider both broad historical and religious matters and engage in the detailed study of particular texts. Ancient materials, including the DSS, will be employed in English translation.


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This unit examines the elaboration of classical Islamic discourse, through the examination of texts (in translation) of theology, law, Quranic exegesis, mysticism and philosophy. These are the major genres of Islamic religious writing, and constitute the basis of a broader understanding of Islam. The unit ends with a comparison between these classical modes of discourse and Islam in the modern Period.


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In this unit we will look at a series of Islamic Texts in Arabic, translating them and locating them within the Muslim intellectual tradition. The actual choice of texts is made in consultation with the students, but will include examples of tafsir  (Quranic exegesis), fiqh (law) and kalam (theology). We will choose these texts from both the classical and the modern period.

prereq:
THRS 10022 and THRS 10023, or a sufficient knowledge of Arabic.


title:
The Body and Theology: Asceticism in the Middle Ages

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Covering the period from 400 to 1500, this unit will address the theological and historical motivations behind the practice of the following: celibacy, fasting vigils, and bodily mortification. Emphasis will be placed on the study of particular monks, women religious, and theologians who greatly influenced the theory and practice of bodily renunciation in the Middle Ages.


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Protestant, Catholic and Radical Reformations in Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century Europe

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This unit begins with a consideration of key features of medieval religion and theology and their relationship to the changes of the sixteenth century. It goes on to examine the most important doctrinal issues of the major movements of the Reformation and analyses the most significant political and social pressures that contributed to them. It concludes by examining the relevance of Reformation Theologies to contemporary ecumenical dialogue and theology.


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The aim of this unit is to explore the historical background to the growth of Christian belief and practice in the early years of the Church. It offers students a critical overview of the main issues and movements within the first six centuries and seeks to demonstrate and evaluate their relevance to later developments in Christian theology and to contemporary ecumenism, church practice and theology.


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Israelite religion was not something static but developed throughout the biblical period in responses to historical events and interaction with surrounding cultures. This unit will study the development of Israelite religion from early times to the return from exile. It will concentrate on a selection of specific themes such as: the nature of God, the nature of the cosmos, Israel's self-understanding, sacrifice and atonement, and the problem of evil and suffering.


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This unit continues the work begun in the unit THRS 10010: Islam and Judaism, and will comprise of detailed examination of the Muslim religious practice. Apart from the famous five pillars, we will also examine the place of ritual in Muslim life, purity rules, festivals, family life and magical and mystical practices. The nature, origins and role in society of these rituals will be studied in the context of Muslim beliefs about the blessings and benefits gained from ritual performance.


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This unit examines the history of Christianity in Britain since 1914. Each class consists of a lecture followed by a seminar presentation and discussion of selected theological, literary and artistic sources. Topics covered include the impact of the First World War; Christian involvement in politics in the inter-war period and in the 1980's; the women's movement; theological change; religion in Northern Ireland; and developments in Christian art and architecture.


title:
Religion and Society in England 1850-1914

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This unit examines the history of English Christianity in one of its most creative periods but one which in the challenges which it presented was of the greatest significance for the future. Topics covered include the impact of Darwinism and biblical criticism, the problems posed by industrialisation, and the relationship between religion and gender. The unit also examines the religious art and architecture of the period as well as the more important religious denominations which played such a large part in shaping the ideas and values of the Victorian age. Students will be required to buy a study pack of interpretative essays which form the basis for seminar discussions..


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Paul's letters to the church at Corinth confront the challenges faced by Christianity as it moved into a Gentile milieu. This unit examines the issues: from competition among teachers to the endowment of spiritual gifts, from the activity of Christian women to the significance of the resurrection. The composition, compilation and circulation of the canonical correspondence is also reviewed.


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Neither texts nor material remains communicate innocently. Both must be read with the hermeneutics of suspicion and correlated with the interpreters position. Starting from the basis that both texts and archaeological evidence are equally privileged as sources of information, this unit examines issues of community and gender in the Jesus movement with special emphasis on the Galilee.

prereq:
Any 2nd or 3rd level biblical or gender unit


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The unit consists of a two hour per week seminar which looks at a range of contemporary documents and video material. The seminars examine the Christian tradition of anti-semitism, the nature of Nazi racial ideology, and what the involvement of many sections of the population in genocide may tell us about the nature of modern western societies.


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We examine the challenge posed to Christian theology and spirituality when confronted by other religions. Much of the unit will centre on theology of religions which includes questions like are non-Christians saved? And if not, then what of an all loving God? And if they are saved, then what of the claims regarding Christ as the only way? Christ, God, the church and mission all come under scrutiny. We will also briefly examine the relation of Christianity to Judaism and explore the way in which Christian spirituality has been challenged in India.

prereq:
At Least One Level Two Unit In Christianity


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A seminar-based unit, in which the emphasis is on English mystical writers in the middle ages.


title:
Psychology & Philosophy in the Abhidhamma

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This unit aims to provide an overall understanding of the Abhidhamma enterprise and the crucial role it plays in the development of Buddhist thought, setting the agenda for such developments as the Madhyamaka and Yogacara. Essentially psychological in its approach, Abhidhamma attempts to give a comprehensive account of the world by means of an analysis of the workings and behaviour of the mind. Among the topics examined by the unit are the Abhidhamma understanding of the processes of everyday consciousness, dreams and deep sleep, what happens in meditation, and the thoughts that go through the mind at the times of death and rebirth.


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A study of the practice of Theravada Buddhism in Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand and Cambodia. After a brief look at the history of Buddhism in these countries, the unit concentrates on lay and monastic practice in both the ancient and modern period. Topics covered include the stages of the path of meditation, monasticism, Buddhism and 'spirit cults', esoteric meditation systems, the relationship between the monk and the laity, the position of women and Buddhist nuns.


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Some weeks are spent looking at the Indo-Tibetan doctrinal foundations of esoteric (Tantric; Vajrayana) Buddhism. We then treat the historical context and events of the transmission of Buddhism to Tibet, and look at the siddhas (the wandering yogins/yoginis) and some of their practices associated with the Six Yogas of Naropa. We then go on to some characteristic religious ideas of the rNying ma pa (the Ancient Ones) - Padmasambhava and his Hidden Treasures, and the philosophical and meditation teachings known as the Great Perfection considered by many to be the peak of Buddhist meditation practice.


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We shall begin by looking at the life of the great hermit Milarepa (11th century), who was also a layman. This will then be contrasted with the very monastically-based Buddhism of Atisa (11th century), and also Tsong kha pa (14th/15th centuries), the founder of the Dalai Lama's tradition. This leads to a consideration of the idea of 'incarnate teachers' and the history and institution of the Dalai Lamas. Next we look at monastic life, the Tibetan practice of monastic debate, oracles and divination, 'folk religion', attitudes and practices associated with death, and the role of women. A number of videos and also slides will be shown as part of this unit.


title:
Theology and Religious Studies Dissertation

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All single honours Theology and Religious Studies students may submit a dissertation of up to 8,000 words in their final year.


title:
Modern Religious Movements in Iran: from Baha'ism to Khomeinism

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From the early 19th-century to the present, popular religious movements have challenged the structures of political and religious power in Iran. This unit will examine the nature and influence of these movements, looking particularly at Shaykhism, Babism, Baha'ism, the Constitutional Revolution, 20th-century religious opposition to the monarchy, and finally the popular movement which lead to the establishment of the Islamic Republic in 1979.


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Islam is primarily a religion of law. In Muslim belief, God revealed a law to the Prophet, who in turn was responsible for enforcing it during the later part of his life. The implementation of Islamic law forms the main demand of most Islamic movements in the modern period. Each movement, however, has quite different ideas as to the exact nature of Shari'a from the time of the Prophet to the Modern Period. Students will examine a number of different genres of Islamic legal texts including legal theory, positive law, fatwas, and modern legislation.


title:
Medieval Theology: Aquinas and Bonaventure

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The thirteenth-century theologians Thomas Aquinas and Bonaventure had a great impact on the shape and development of theology. This unit will consider their different approaches to the investigation of theology, their views on Christology, Mariology, and Eucharistic devotion. The teachings of Aquinas and Bonaventure will be analysed within the context of their scholastic and religious formations. The unit consists of two hour per week seminars.


title:
Sexuality and the Body in Christian Theology

desc:
This unit aims to explore the significance and representation of sexuality with regard to embodiment, desire, spirituality and ethics in the context of both patristic and contemporary theology. The origins of Christian concepts of sexuality will be explored though a study of selected early Christian texts. We will then look at ways in which contemporary culture poses a challenge to traditional Christian beliefs about sexuality and embodiment, with particular emphasis on gender theory, gay and lesbian theologies and Christian feminism. The unit will use a variety of media including the study of textual, artistic and cinematic representations of sexuality in the western Christian tradition. Students will be required to buy a unit pack of reading materials costing approximately £20.

prereq:
A Second Level Unit In Christian History or Theology


title:
Judaism and Modernity: Issues that Unite and Divide Contemporary Judaism

desc:
Against the background of the homogeneity of Judaism in Talmudic and medieval times, this unit will look at the diverse nature of Jewish religion from the late 18th century. It will consider the different denominations that arose during the 19th century in response to a variety of factors: Jewish emancipation, virulent anti-Semitism increasing secularization, and academic study of the Bible and Jewish history. The rise of political Zionism will also be addressed. The unit will then examine 10th-century issues like the place of the Torah, gender and sexuality, before considering the likely shape of Judaism in the 21st century.


